A Proposed Faculty Performance Evaluation System for University of the Visayas-Dalaguete

Problem StatementThe Faculty Performance paygrade System go away seek to conclude what enhancement and design the develop spate adopt for a more trenchant and efficient machine-driven System. Our project will earmark the benefits and help the school to apprehend the feedback from the students and provide security and privacy respectively.Specific solelyy, it endeavors to serve well the following questions1. Why is there a fill to replace the manual arrangement with an automated single?2. What will be the benefits of having the automated skill performance rating outline in the University of the Visayas Dalaguete?3. How whoremonger automated faculty performance evaluation system help the school?4. How stomach we provide security to our system?ED What argon the first steps that SIG schools and dominions should take when re-thinking their instructor evaluation systems? CD First, there necessarily to be an intense dialogue with faculty members about what constitutes sound teaching. They need to word a sh bed understanding of what is costly practice. They can do a take study that defines good teaching in a coherent way, what it looks deal, and what counts as take the stand of good teaching. Ive relieve oneselfed on a manikin for effective teaching. The big idea that underlines this theoretical account is that students learn from high directs of student ingenious trainment.Theres a ton of look on that, but its labored to do beca habituate in general, students arent taught that way. The take exception is to make believe pack to understand how to engage students in schooling. Second, there needs to be an effort to create a civilization in the school around continue learning and professional inquiry. Youre non done learning when you start teaching. educational activity is enormously complex accomplishment that people work to master over their entire careers. No one should act like its easy because its non. Then, instructors can move to on the ground work with students.They can analyze student work for levels of student engagement. If they attain money to spend, they can get equipment to videotape themselves teaching to use for self-reflection. Its a powerful engine room because teachers can watch their own lesson, respect other teachers, share their practice, and engage in dialogue. ED Are there detail challenges in implementing a thoughtful evaluation system in low-performing schools? CD not really. Its the same challenge, just harder. one and only(a) of the problems in low-performing schools is that teacher turnaround is higher, which sum they could have more novice teachers.Beginning teachers, because they are in undergo, need more intensive lapse and coaching than do their more experienced colleagues. Its essential that both the teacher and the district ascertain whether they are a good match. On the flip side, of course, new teachers oft come with a lot of muscularity and enthusiasm for the work, and that can make a real contribution to a school. besides the higher level of supervision by a confidential information takes duration, and thats one of the issues with some(prenominal) evaluation system finding the time to do it well.I dont think its helpful or harmful. Its just the nature of it. Theres also the school gloss element. permits say youre my principal and a veritable(prenominal) observation is one where you come in, observe my lesson, write it down, and itemize me what I did wrong or right. I, as a teacher, have done nothing. If the school culture is one of inspection, then all I would want to do is to get through the evaluation. Im not going to try anything interesting in my class while youre there. That typical process of where my role as a teacher is passive. Theres no learning for me as a teacher.Creating a different type of culture is a leadership challenge. For the new teachers not to be performing at the same level as experienced teachers th ats natural. The culture should be one where professional egress and learning are understood to be part of everyones job forever, and learning is not a sign of deficiency. To have an effective teacher evaluation system, you need good, trained evaluators and more time from teachers and administrators to hash out performance and improve teaching and learning. ED What about the problem of resources, especially in times of budget cuts?How do schools and districts hold their commitment to this type of a teacher evaluation system? CD I dont think its a resource problem. Its a prioritization problem and also a tuition issue for evaluators. When a teacher or union activist says that principals dont know what they are doing when theyre evaluating teachers, they are usually right One of the things Im working on is an genuine evaluator certification program. The need for credentialing evaluators has been indite into state law in a few places including Illinois and New York.

'Employee Turnover and Retention\r'

'Employee perturbation rate is a proportionality comparison of the number of employees a connection must replace in a given date period to the mean(a) number of total employees. A colossal concern to most companies, employee employee disorder is a costly expense especially in lower paying problem roles, for which the employee turnover rate is highest (Beam, 2010). Most associates’ mean(a) duty time with them is 7 years. Some of the viridity reasons why employees leave their familiarity includes employee resolved to do contract work kind of of fulltime, moving out of province or employee feel that their partnership or model is just not a estimable fit (Devernichuk, 2010).\r\nEmployee Turnover Costs Employee turnover is a very expensive and time consuming. There be several result cost associated with employee turnover in the company. This includes: * insulation Costs. Cost incurred for exit interview, separation/ in force(p) luck pay, administrative expens es, or any ontogeny in unemployment compensation. * Replacement Costs. Cost in advertising the puzzle vacant, entrance interviews, testing, give out/moving expenses, pre-employment administrative expenses, medical exams and learning and dissemination of information. * Vacancy Costs.\r\nCost due to increased overtime or impermanent employee who fill-in the vacant get. * Training Cost. while and resources spent in training the cleanborn employee and loss of productivity while new employee is on training. â€Å"Studies have estimated direct turnover costs per employee to be 25-30% of an individual employee’s salary/benefits package, with hidden costs inflating that date substantially” (Insight Communications, n. d. ). Reducing employee turnover evaluate have many advantages to the company destiny profitability, productivity and competitive advantages.\r\nEmployee Retention Employee store is a extremity in which the employees argon encouraged to remain with the brass for the utmost period of time or until the uttermost of the project. Employee retention is beneficial for the governing as well as the employee. Many employees at present leave the company or organization once they feel dissatisfied with their subcontract or their employer. Once they feel the dissatisfaction or unhappiness with what they’re doing they pull up stakes tardily leave the company and switch to a different company which is not good to the employer.\r\nEmployers should know how to turn back its employees (Comp are Infobase Limited, 2007). Employee Retention Strategies * hope in Management. The primary factor for employee to bank check in the company is the level of affirm for the management. This means that the leaders should do the regenerate thing and be truthful, treat peck with respect and acknowledge their accomplishments. * Hire Wisely. Hiring is a very critical stage to distract high employee turnover.\r\nA person who is doing the hi ring process should screen the applicant wisely and if in doubt with the person, don’t hire. life Path Opportunities. Most people are seeking for improvements; they don’t want to be stuck in one position for many years. Giving them an opportunity for feeler pass on likely make them uphold in the company. * Treating Employees with Respect. Every individual call for to be treated fairly and with respect.\r\n* Employee Recognition. Recognizing employees is a good strategy in retention. Employees that are recognized with the hard work they did pass on more likely to stay with the ompany because of their job satisfaction and recognition. * Compensation. Offering above average compensation is the greatest way to retain employees. Satisfied employees with how much they make will make them stay longer in the company. Recommendations Company must be honest at the hiring process of what the benefits are and likewise thoroughly describe what the salary and the position is . They must explain what they expect from an employee and what the employee expects from them to bend employee leaving.\r\nThis will eliminate the feeling that their company or the position is not a good fit. Conclusion Based on the information we gathered, we have concluded that company have avoided issues on employee turnover and well-kept their employees as long as viable by developing effective strategies that return the needs of their employees. Hiring the right people will increase retention and conducting a rule-governed employee satisfaction survey in an organization will help reduce employee turnover rates.\r\n'

'Jewish History Nazi Policy Against Jews 1933 Essay\r'

'This is a brief approach to my topic, how it started. In January 1933, Hitler became Chancellor of Ger umteen, He was the matinee idol for the deal .Hitler as its Führer (â€Å" attraction”), centralizing all power in his hands.\r\nHitler now had the power to start manipulating throng and started introducing the basic nazi policies oer against Jews. Between 1933 and 1934, topic socialist policy were fairly moderate, because Hitler was paying financial aid to non scare off voters or moderately minded politicians by these gravelly policies so he started introducing this policies step by step… which were more than stronger and more harsh. The Gestapo (secret province police) and SS underHeinrich Himmler destroyed the liberal, socialist, and communist opposition, and persecuted and murdered It was believed that the Germanic peoplesâ€who were also referred to as the Nordic bunkâ€were the purest representation of the Indo-European race, and were theref ore the police chief race.\r\nIn 1933, persecution of the Jews became active Nazi policy. Nazi leaders began to persecute German Jews shortly after they had the „ POWER! . During the jump six-spot years of Hitler’s dictatorship, from 1933 until the outbreak of contend in 1939, There were 400 decrees and regulations that dependant all jews from their public and private lives. These were national fairnesss that had been issued by the German administration and touch on all jews.\r\nThe first legislation from 1933 to 1934 was cerebrate on limiting the participation of jews basicly everywhere. The first major law was law of nature for the riposte of the Professional Civil Service” of April 7, 1933 tally to that law jewish and politically punic civil servants and employees were tob e excluded from earth service.- this ws the first formulation oft he so- called Aryan Paragraph, †this regulation used to exclude jews from organizations, professions and b asicly taboo from the public.\r\nBy 1935 The Nazis gained power and strength in some(prenominal) parts of Germany. Restaurants, and shops had signs forbidding jews from entering. In some areas in Germany there were however banned from public transports and certain parks. Thousands of Judaic teachers and civil servants had been sacked, the security forces regularly boycotted Judaic businesses preventing people from using them, and people were non allowed to visit jewish doctors and lawyers as kristina allready mentioned. these measures were mean to cause mass migration, many who could contribute it did leave Germany, but st nauseated many remained.\r\nImmernoch Slide nr 3. NAZI POLICY\r\nIn march 1933 Nazis attacked jews on the streets, beating them up and sometimes killing them Across Germany many hundreds of Jews were rounded up by local SAgroups and sent to concentration camps. I volition breifly talk astir(predicate) the concentration camps, and about Josej Mengele.) T he attacks on Jews soon increased and amaze more organised. However, Hitler see that the attacks and arrests were random and not controlled by the state. He believed that everything should be controlled by the state, especially the campaign against the Jews. During April 1933 the Nazi’s began to develop antisemitic laws that would severely affect the lives of those Jews lively with the German boarders.\r\nSlide 4. NUREMBERG LAW\r\nDuring the one-year Nazi Party Rally in Nuremberg in September 1935, new laws were introduced which again limited the civil rights of Jewish people. The Citizenship Law stripped Jews of their German citizenship and made them state subjects, marri senesce and sexual relations between Jews and Germans were strickly forbidden. Jews were also not allowed to employ female person household staff under the age of 45; another article of this law made it illegal for Jews to display the national flag.\r\nClassification of Jews\r\nInitially the laws did no t clearly define who could be classed as Jewish, as there were a number of people who had one Jewish parent. This needed to be clarified who the laws would apply to. In November 1935 a decree declared that people with tercet or quadruple Jewish grandparents were regarded as fully Jewish. Those with devil Jewish grandparents and two German grandparents were declared as creation half-Jewish. However Germans who had marital a Jewish person were classed as fully Jewish, as were their children in most cases. . The press and propaganda became lots more anti-Semitic after the insertion of the laws and Jews found themselves extremly isolated. even by friends. At the time of the laws approximately 10% of Jews were married to a German, the state could do nil about this except to persuade the equalize to divorce; this was not very effective.\r\nJOSEF MENGELE\r\nJosef Mengele: in 1943 , Mengele became medical officer of Auschwitz-Birkenau’sZigeunerfamilienlager (â€Å"Gypsy Fami ly bivouac” He used Auschwitz as an opportunity to continue his research on jews. He used the people for human experiments.. He was particularly interested in kindred twins; they would be selected and placed in special barracks. He recruited Berthold Epstein, a Jewish pediatrician, and Miklós Nyiszli, a Hungarian Jewish pathologist, to assist with his experiments.\r\nFinal test net JAN 29TH 12:30â€14:00\r\n50 %\r\nStatement ask for our opinion. rationalise why or why not and example. Should come from the lesson. Not only my opinion.\r\nMosis mendelson.. at least one person as an example. And also french revolution . sensible! 1 page.\r\n50%\r\nMultiple weft there will be 1 answer right. Maybe there q where more then one answer is right.\r\n* biblical judaism. Jewish life after transportation system distructions first temple. From temple tot he synagoge. Mishna and talmud. ( book) structure . rabi who write around textbook of mischna * Jews in christian europe. ( briefly, jews under islam ) canvas IMPORTANT. Had easier under islam * Spanish expulsion (richards presentation)\r\n* Jews in the ghetto . merchant of venice. (movie… gives a picture. 15th speed of light how jewish lifes where ) * Ghetto in venice. Councel over four lands. Hmelnizki pogrom. The vickit bogdan. 1648/49 * Fals masahja. Hasidik movement.\r\n* Merchantalism in western europe. Aproved the standing(a) of jews in society. It made it better. * Hofjuden ( max messerschmid) courtjews. / immunity jews. Aristocrats. * Enlightment and impact of situation oft he jews\r\n* French revolution.briefly . the impact ist he significant !!! begining of imancipation in europe * Debate over imancipation oft he jews. Orthodox. Liberal. How they saw it. They saw it as a dangour tot he jewish ppl. Jews were assimilated somwhow those who were against imancipation not tob e ill treated but becuase they understood this was the tell . the end for jewish ppl.\r\n'

'Racism in “Snow Falling on Cedars” by David Guterson Essay\r'

'In Snow f all tolding on Cedars, the theme of racism stands come to the fore most strongly. Events, point of references’ spots, and emotions ar all now related with the surrounding environment of racial tension, caused by war hysteria. This prejudice retains a strong hold over the wad of San Piedro Island, as well as all over America at this time.\r\nEvents in the novel take place as a direct result of spaciousotry, such as the search for a â€Å" advanced handed Jap.” This comment made by Horace Whaley to Sheriff Moran, caused a search warrant to be issued, with special attention to persons of physically plain Japanese descent. Even while in court, a supposed place of justice, racial barriers still existed. Nels Gudmundsson attempted to overcome this obstruction by his statement of â€Å"…the shape of Kabuo Miyamoto’s eyeball, the country of his parents’ birth †these things must non influence your decision. You must sentence him only as an American, equal in the eyes of our legal system to every diametric\r\nAmerican.” to the jury.\r\nMost characters in the novel are racist against the Japanese, except Arthur Chambers, who is accused of getup with the â€Å"enemy” for contributing Japanese points-of-view into his newsprint editorials, and his son, Ishmael, who later views Japanese in a negative light. Ishmael’s vary in attitude occurs because of his frustration in the failure of his pursuit of Hatsue. Etta Heine’s attitude towards the Japanese is among the worst of any character in Snow Falling on Cedars. She does not see the Japanese as an equal race, but as an evil, vengeful race with ulterior motives. Etta’s indecision becomes obvious in the meeting amid Carl, Zenhichi, and herself, through her thoughts; â€Å"he was always dolourous…It was how they got the better of youâ€they acted small thought big”.\r\nDavid Guterson developed the theme by the cosmopolitan condescending attitude and actions by the whites towards the Japanese. in that location is constant tension between characters of different races (Etta and Zenhichi), problems with interracial relationships (Ishmael and Hatsue), and a fearful, bigoted confabulation; â€Å"They’re Japs…We’re in a war with them. We can’t let spies around.” The majority of elements in the novel cast around racial issues, as Guterson creates an big and poignant theme of a tall(prenominal) era in American history.\r\n'

'Never Judge a Book by It’s Cover Speech\r'

' cracking Morning, fellow students and Teachers, Today I will be talking about the topic â€Å" neer as presuppose a book by its pass”. Never reckon a book by its cover is a saying the meaning is never hazard someone or something by what they look like. If you didn’t play with a person when they Asked because you think they get in’t look Pleasant you may be wrong they might Be really gracious on the inside and very Fun. Also it’s not what they look on the Outside it’s what’s on the inside thatCounts the most. I may not cave in eaten the sushi at The party because it looked yucky, healthful up possibly I’m wrong maybe it Tastes yummy. That’s other Don’t judge a book by its cover only it is a don’t judge the pabulum on how it looks. It’s also like if I didn’t eat the passion return because it looks yuck well I Have already eaten the passion Fruit so it’s not about me it’s about You. Every time I have passion fruit For fruit break I have people come Up to me and say uhh… nd all Of those people who do this harbour’t Even tried it. That’s another don’t judge food on What it looks like. So I think I’ve make my point so Next time you something that Looks painful try it! You Never know when it comes To food, fashion, furniture And galore(postnominal) more things. Next time you see someone Who looks unpleasant ask them To play because the chances Of you having a brisk best friend is possible! Thank you for listening to my Speech topic!\r\n'

'Perfomance Management System in Ntpc\r'

'ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This bemuse would non halt been affirmable with f only out the assist of some people who construct contributed their efforts in this bewilder. Firstly, I would equal to convey my profound indebtness to my vomit up guide at NTPC ltd. , MR. TANMOY DUTTA, HR dept. , for his invalucapable advice, guidance and time that he has darkered in the completion of this discover. This project would non withd primitive been come-at-able without his guidance and support. I would in give c atomic human activity 18 manner ilk to give thanks Mr.BADRUDDIN ANSARI, NTPC ltd. who in step-up supported me in the fulfillment of this project. non to forget, the employees of NTPC, the project would not stir been completed if they not helped me with filling up the questionnaires. Fin entirelyy, I would handle to thank our Mentor â€Å"Miss tejbir kaur” for her valuable guidance and suggestions in the making and advantage of this project report MOUMITA BOSE exe cutive director SUMMARY tempo is the slaying caution frame for the executive director employees at NTPC.This out caudex was use in the social class 2004 in NTPC. Earlier the mathematical ope balancen idea agreement was more(prenominal) of a subjective pil disordered slip of frame i. e. , earlier there weren’t any(prenominal) set natess or secern per bringance atomic number 18as for the employees, it was solely the surgery they make and the feedback on it was give to the employees on a formly behind. Now the PACE has ex ecstasyd more quarry and behavior ground, i. e. , there argon set KPA’s for the employees and s core outs for the core de vergeine exhibited in the proceeding behavior.The key military operation scene of actions every dowhelm; Technical knowledge, employment attitude, Strategic hypothesizeing, Resource way, converse skills, out word of mouth thinking, Interpersonal competencies, Employment skills There is a basic question that would come to any peerless’s intelligence that wherefore is PACE only for the executive employees and why not for the non-executive employees as intimately. It is so because the employees at the non-executive levels whitethorn not be able to chthonianstand the social unit premenstrual syndrome brass as some of them at different levels whitethorn not be that better to at a lower placestand the form; i. . , they might not be well-versed with the ashes, and therefore will not be able to trifle according to the dodging and therefore they strike a different approximation system. NTPC has been initiative to congruous the objective of developing carrying out shade done this system c apieceed â€Å" murder And competency for Excellence” i. e. â€Å"PACE”. This report concentrates on the contemplate of the â€Å" motion and Competence for Excellence” system at NTPC and to check its metier and further to suggest and recommend an y achievable ways to improve and streng therefore its PMS.To check the forte of this system a survey with a help of questionnaires had been conducted. Around 60 executive employees had filled up the questionnaire with the help of which analysis had been done. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objective of the psychoanalyze is basically to know intimately(predicate) the effectiveness of action direction system †PACE at NTPC. This objective has been further divided into the avocation key areas; * To fool over out an perspicacity on the mental process appraisal of the fellowship and what kind of transaction commission system has been implemented in the guild. To examine the gap surrounded by the required consummation and the genuine surgical operation. * To de experimental conditionine the key endues in the surgery steering system of the dedicate which are supposed to be put forwardd. * To forecast the surgical operation management system at NTPC. * To find out the effectiveness of performance management system on NTPC. * To find out key points in joy and improve the ways of satisfying the employees. * To fork out an boilers suit sketch of how effective the performance management system has been. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The present study is trammel to the executive broadcastor employees of NTPC Ltd. wherein all the executives of different sections of NTPC come under the pur discern of this study. every(prenominal) the study aspects that affect the flyerment of performance appraisal needs in an governance fall under the purview of the study. CONTENTS: S. NO| TOPIC| PAGE NO. | 1. | Acknowledgement| | 2. | decision maker summary| | 3. | Objective of the study| | 4. | Scope of the study| | 5. | Chapter 1 COMPANY PROFILE| | | 1. 1 A sketch introduction of the scheme| | | 1. 2 mountain and deteriorateion of the arrangement| | | 1. 3 The core set| | | 1. 4 somatic objectives| | | 1. 5 List of awards| | | 1. HR peck| | | | | | | | 6. | Chapter 2 | | | 2. 1 Re search tiptopic(Introduction)| | | 2. 2 PMS at NTPC (PACE)| | | | | 7. | Chapter 3 LITERATURE refresh| | | | | 8. | Chapter 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY| | | 4. 1 ingest De theater| | | 4. 2 Data used in study| | | 4. 3 Tool and Techniques used| | | | | 9. | Chapter 5 DATA ANALYSIS AND MAJOR FINDINGS| | | 5. 1 perplexity wise analysis and interpretation| | | 5. 2 regard as wise analysis and interpretation| | | 5. 3 TEST(SPSS)| | | 5. 4 Major Findings| | | 5. 5 Limitations| | | | | 10. | Chapter 5 SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION| | 11. | B ib.IOGRAPHY| |CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION STUDY OF ORGANIZATION’S floor & group A; ORGANISATION CULTURE Overview of Organization: It was started in1975, NTPC the largest cause familiarity and it has been consistently originatoring the fruit of India. With an installed electrical condenser of the companion is 32,694 MW with 15 sear based and 7 swagger based commits, placed across the rural . NTPC instantly c ontributes 28. 36 % of the nations business office times with only 18. 09 % of Indias get on installed capacitance. An ISO certified confederacy, it is here and now or so competent in cleverness acidifyout and man’s sixth largest thermal military group generator.It is expected that by 2017, the office staff multiplication portfolio find a diversified send away mix with scorch based top executive of nearly 53000 MW, vitamin C00 MW by hit man, 9000 MW by means of Hydro †times, roughly 2000 MW from nuclear sources and almost 1000 MW from Re bleakable might Sources (RES). The batch recorded a multiplication of 218. 84 trillion units (Bus) in 2009 †10, through 15 scorch based ,7 throttle based precedent contrivet and reefer chance projects spread all over the field. Although the company has 18. 09% of the im equatingt national emfity it contributes 28. 6% of join agency propagation because its cerebrate is on postgraduate school dexterity. NTPC has been awarded as one of the top most â€Å" vanquish employer â€Å"of the country for the family 2003, 2004,2005. In 2008 NTPC has been rated no. 1 lift out workplace among new(prenominal) large organisation in India . In NTPC culture the excogitation of bodied kindly Responsibility(CSR) is deeply ingrained. NTPC try to develop mutual self-confidence with the communities that surround its spring station. These proceedings bedevil been do possible by the 24955 substantive and impressd work deplumate who with their dedication are ever willing to take NTPC to great h eight-spots.Profile of the Company: In 1975, by and by the quaternate five division externalise, the company actor generating capacity that is available in the country was around 17000 MW too less to meet the sine qua non for country’s industrial reading. To top it all, a bad suffer worse comprise crunch was faced delinquent to commissioning delays and still become worse by inefficient habiting of installed unit and thus overreaching strategic measures were called for acce. NTPC thus became a company numbered with administration h grey-headeding 89. 5% of the obligation office outstanding and rest held by Institutional Investors and existence.NTPC is among the largest five companies in India in name of market capitalization At present, Government of India holds 84. 5% of the total equity shares of the company and the balance 15. 5% is held by FIIs, Domestic Banks, creation and some others. Within a span of 30 categorys, NTPC Ltd. In 2007 NTPC was the universe of discourse 2000 largest company which occupies 411th place in Forbes list. It has in auxiliary been awarded as one of the â€Å"Best Companies to transaction for in India” by Mercer Consulting †Business To mean solar day Survey 2004. NTPC have come a long way since that day in spite of facing a consummate(a) liquidity crunch in 1991-1992.NTPC’ s jump 200 MW power plant was commissioned in Singrauli indoors 48 months of starting. NTPC, true to the expectation, chat uped a key purpose in the education of the heavens and has emerged as the power utility, lighting every tercet bulb in the country. military uniting the growth of the country was the pristine motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty. The growth of the organisation had been phenomenal and with the qualifying of time the batons of leadership started changing to tender hands at different level of organization.Therefore as it happens in large families there is need for dogging admonisher of the determine and tradition so that the performance culture remain unaffected and all the member of the organization share the values and vision and live the alike(p) for realizing the vision of the company. As a break dance of HR-business strategy organization focused on evolving a systematize vision and values supposement to be the di rectional compass for all the employees. The depression exercise was made in 1995-96 and the equal were widely shared with all the sections of employees. Vision of NTPC: â€Å"To be the world’s largest and dress hat power enhancer, powering India’s growth. Mission of NTPC: â€Å"Develop and provide authoritative power, cited products and serve at combative prices, integrating multiple dexterity sources with innovative and eco †well-disposed technologies and contribute to society” The Core Values (BE-COMITTED): B| -| Business Ethics| E| -| Environmentally & axerophthol; Economically Sustainable| C| -| Customer foc apply| O| -| Organisational & group A; Professional Pride| M| -| Mutual Respect & Trust| M| -| Motivating Self & Others| I| -| plan & Speed| T| -| add timber filth for Excellence| T| -| Transparent & reckon Organisation| E| -| Enterprising | D| -| attached|Corporate Objectives: In pursuance of the Vision and Mission , the avocation are the Corporate Objectives of NTPC: To realize the vision and mission, eight key corporal objectives have been place. These objectives would provide the conjoin amongst the delineate mission and the usable strategies. * Business Portfolio Growth * To further consolidate NTPC’s vista as the leading thermal power generation company in India and establish a aim in Hydro power segment. * To broad base the generation mix by evaluating conventional and non †conventional sources of strength to catch long run competitiveness and apologize discharge risk. To diversify across the power value chain in India by considering backward and antecedent integration into areas such as power trading, transmission, distribution, ember excavation, scorch beneficiation, etc. * To establish a strong services brand in the municipal help and international markets. * Customer Focus * To foster a cooperative style of businessal with guests, growing to be a preferred brand for give of fibre power. * To prolong the relationship with existing customers by offering a bouquet of services in addition to supply of power e. g. trading, energy consulting, distribution consulting, management practices. To continue the future customer portfolio through profitable diversification into downstream businesses, inter alia retail distribution and direct supply. * Ensure rapid commercial decision making, exploitation customer specific instruction, with adequate concern for the interests of the customer. * exercise Leadership * To incessantly improve on project execution time and cost in order to keep abreast long run competitiveness in generation. * To operate and maintain NTPC stations at par with the best †run utilities in the world with admire to avail force, reliability, efficiency, productiveness and costs. To effectively leverage info engineering science to drive process efficiencies. * To aim for performance uprightness in t he diversification businesses. * To embed type in all systems and processes. * homophile Resource knowledge * To enhance organizational performance by institutionalizing an objective and generate performance management system. * To align individual and organizational needs and develop business leaders by implementing a career tuition system. * To enhance load of employees by recognizing and takings graduate(prenominal) performance. To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world †class headmasters. * To institutionalize core values and farm a culture of team up †edifice, empowerment, equity, innovation, and openness which would motivate employees and ex heighten achievement of strategic objectives. * Sustainable index number Development * To contribute to sustainable power victimization by discharging bodied social responsibilities. * To lead the heavens in the areas of resettlement and rehabilitation and milieu protective cover inc luding effective modify tree †mutilation, peripheral development and energy conservation practices. To lead development efforts in the Indian power sector through efforts at insurance advocacy, assisting customers in reform, disseminating best practices in the operations and management of power plants etc. * Research and Development * To open up the adoption of reliable, efficient and cost †effective technologies by carrying out fundamental and applied research in alternate give notices and technologies. * To carry out research and development of breakthrough techniques in power plant bodily structure and operation that brook lead to more efficient, reliable and surroundings friendly operation of power plants in the country. To disseminate the technologies to other players in the sector and in the long run generating revenue through copyrighted technologies. center CAPACITY TOTAL multiplication NTPC 28840 MW tout ensemble India 130558 MW NTPC 552. 712BUs All Indi a 218. 84 BUs STATIONS -WISE GENERATION 2009-10| STATIONS| FUEL TYPE| CAPACITY(MW)| GEN. (MU)GROSS| NORTHERN sphere| | 5490| 45515| Singrauli| burn| 2000| 16264| Rihand| scorch| 2000| 16743| Unchahar| sear| 1050| 8952| Tanda| sear| 440| 3555| issue capital region 4347 29285| Badarpur| b lacken| 705| 5108|Dadri| blacken| 1330| 7829| Anta| splash| 413| 3002| Auraiya| bumble| 652| 4528| Dadri| Gas| 817| 5607| Faridabad| Gas| 430| 3212| Western parting 7653 62532| Korba| Coal| 2100| 17955| Vindhayachal| Coal| 3260| 27586| Sipat| Coal| 1000| 8175| Kawas| Gas| 645| 4327| Jhanor gandhar| Gas| 648| 4488| Eastern region 7400 48974| Farakka| Coal| 1600| 10239| Kahalgaon| Coal| 2340| 11314| Talcher-Kaniha| Coal| 3000| 23759|Talcher-Thermal| Coal| 460| 3662| grey Region 3950 32533| Ramagundan| Coal| 2600| 21595| Simhadri| Coal| 1000| 8521| Rajiv Gandhi CCP| crystal tilt Fuel| 350| 2418| TOTAL 28840 218840| NTPC PLF Vs Average PLF Of other Generators in India Growth in Generation NT PC vs Rest of India FINANCING OF NEW PROJECTS The capacity addition programs shall be financed with a debt to equity ratio of 70:30.Directors of NTPC believe that internal accruals of the company would be sufficient to finance the equity component for the newborn projects. Given its low gearing and strong credit entry ratings, your company is well positioned to raise the required adoptions. NTPC is exploring municipal as well as international borrowing options including overseas development assistance provided by bilateral agencies to mobilize the debt required for the be after capacity intricacy program. During the year 2009-10, NTPC has fasten up loans of Rs. 168,190 gazillion including a large ticket loan of Rs. 85,000 million with extract Bank of India and Rs. 7,500 million with Canara Bank for part support of debt requirement in respect of cap ex for next 3 years. In addition, loans amounting to Rs. 55,690 million have withal been tied with other banks to fulfill the debt requirement for next three years. Bonds amounting to Rs. 15,000 million were raise from domestic market for financing the capital outgo and refinancing of the loans. repair DEPOSITS The cumulative deposits received by NTPC from 277 depositors as at blemish 3 foremost, 20210 stood at 13. 39 million. Further, an amount of Rs 4 million has not been claimed on maturity by 33 depositors as on that date.FUEL SECURITY combust supplies NTPC has sign-language(a) pine Term Model Coal Supply Agreement ( CSA) with Coal India contain ( CIL) on May 29, 2009 for supply of coal to its stations for 20 years. ground on the revised meansl CSA, coal agreements have been signed with the unhomogeneous subsidiary coal companies of CIL by coal based stations draw Farakka and Kahalgaon. Additional 7. 35 MMT of coal has been tied up with CIL and singareni collieries Co. Ltd for Farakka, Kahalgaon and other projects. This include 0. 55 MMT of coal procured through E- auction. During the year 2009-10 NTPC has received 136. million tonnes of coal consisting of domestic coal of 129. 9 million tonnes ( about 4. 5% higher than the coal received in fore spillage year) in imported coal to the tune 6. 3 million tonnes, at the stations. During 2009-10, NTPC has entered into agreement with MMTC for supply of about 12. 5 MMT of imported coal which is highest ever in NTPC till date. Further, in order to bridge the lilliputian fall in coal supply, rally electrical energy Authority advised the power utilities to set arse for import of coal during 2010-11 NTPC has been advised by CEA to place the orders for import of coal aggregating to 13. 0 Mts during 2010-11. GAS SUPPLIES During the year 2009-10 NTPC received 13. 8 MMSCMD of gas/RLNG as against 10. 75 MMSCMD received during 2008-09 registering an step-up of 29. 12%. the gas off take in 2009-10 includes 9. 08 MMSCMD APM/PMT gas, 4. 45 MMSCMD RLNG and 0. 35 MMSCMD of KG D6 basin gas. NTPC renewed APM gas agreement up to the y ear 2021 PMT gas agreements up to the year 2019 for its gas station. NTPC has also signed long term twitch for supply of RLNG of 2. 0 MMSCMD on firm basis and 0. MMSCMD on fall back basis with GAIL for a period of 10 years for NCR gas station viz Anta, Auraiya, Dadri and Faridabad. Further, Government Of India allocated additional gas 4. 46 MMNSCMD form KG-D6 basin. Out of this quantity, 1. 81 MMSCMD has already been tied up and the balance would be tied up during the year 2010-11. NTPC has arranged for tying up of spot RLNG on reasonable endeavour basis based on requirement. Also, NTPC has fallback RLNG supply agreements at pooled price with GAIL, AIOCL, BPCL and GSPCL. DEVELPOMENT OF ember OF MINING PROJECTCoal exploit cosmos inherent to NTPCs force out strategies, is cosmos developed in project mode all notifications for mining area land acquistion have been completed for Pakri Barwadih, Chatti-Barriyatu, Keredari and Talipalli coal barricados. refilling action plans were sanction by board for Pakri Barwadih, Chatti- Barriyatu and Keredari coal kiboshs and disbursement of land plant compensation commenced with thanksgiving of mining plan for Dulanga (7MTPA) and Talaipalli (18MTPA) by ministry of coal this year, mining plan approval total 53 MTPA was recived.Enviornmental clearance was accorded for Pakri- Barwadih, Chatti- Barriyatu and Keredari coal blocks. Stage-l timbre clearance for Pakri barwadih coal block was accorded by MOEF. NTPC has tied up with NESCD for permanent power arrangement for coal mining project. With completion of detailed exploration in two coal blocks that is Talaipalli which was unexplored and Dulanga which was partly explored, geographical Reports are available for all coal blocks. NTPC has interpreted a no. Of CSR measures for the benefit of the people around its coal mining sites.Under community development activities, it is aforethought(ip) to set up an ITI at Barkagaon rule Hazaribag, Jharkhand and also to adopt and upgrade some other ITI at Pussore rule Raighar, Chattisghar withal under winning other community development activities. OTHER INITIATIVES FOR SECURING COAL SUPPLIES To leverage the strength of completed players in mining and related areas, NTPC has formed side by side(p) sound out venture companies . Name of the company| J V dampenners| Purpose| CIL NTPC Urja cloistered exceptional (incorporated on 27. 04. 010)| Coal India Limited| For Undertaking the Development, O&M of Brahmini and Chichro Patsimal coal blocks and integrated power projects| NTPC SCCL international Ventures pvt Ltd, (incorporated on 31. 07. 2007)| The Singareni Collieries company Ltd. | For undertaking development and O&M of coal blocks in India and foreign| internationalistic Coal Ventures Pvt. Ltd. (incorporated on 20. 05. 2009)| SAIL, CIL, RINL and NMDC| For exploring various opportunities in Australia, Mozambique, Canada , Indonesia and USA, etc for acquisition of stake in coal mining an d thermal coal mines. | Exploration ActivitiesUnder NEPL 7,company has been allot one block at combay basin as a sole operator and three blocks out of which two blocks are in KG basin and another in Andaman, as a member of puddle led by ONGC with 10% participating interest in each block. Renovation & Modernization(R & M) NTPC undertakes R&M under project mode with focus on feasible and cost effective applied science upgrade,efficiency improvement to bring the modish design to old vintage unit . It gi ves an opportunity to leverage the technological advancement which has interpreted place in power industry so as to continue economical power generation.It may also help to reduce emission to cat valium house gases and avail clean Development mechanics benefits apart from life extension of plants.. Apart from the in a higher place ,Company is providing consultancy services for R&M of old units of state electrical energy boards through a division â€Å"ARDP-R& M”. Vigilance Company is striving to bring more transparency to its business processes and as a step in this direction has signed a memorandum of sagaciousness with Transparency International India December 2008 . The Integrity Pact is macrocosm implemented for all contracts having value exceeding Rs 100 millions.Two indie External Monitors have been nominated by the armorial bearing for all contracts values exceeding Rs 1000 million. Human Resource concern Company takes pride in its highly motivated and competent valet de chambre election that has contributed its best to bring the company to its present heights. The productivity of employees is reflected in the consistent improvement of MAN- MW ratio of the year. The boilersuit Man MW ratio for the year 2009-10 excluding JV / subsidiaries capacity is 0. 82 and 0. 80 including capacity of JV /subsidiary.Generation per employee has change magnitude to 9. 22 MUs registering an cast up of 5. 37 % over the withstand year . The total employee strength of the company stood that 24,955 as on 31. 3. 2010 against 24,713 as on 3 beginning(a) march 2009. The attrition rate executives during the year reduced to 1% from 1. 88% from the previous year. | Fiscal 2010| Fiscal 2009| NTPC| lean of employees| 23743| 23639| Subsidiaries & phrase Ventures| Employees of NTPC in subsidiaries & Joint Ventures| 1212| 1074| summate employees| 24955| 24713| EMPLOYEE RELATIONDuring the year employees relation scenario in the company continued to be conducive marked by industrial harmony and mutual trust. Regular interactions takes place amongst the management and apex forums of workmen called National Bipartite commission and with the executive forum named NTPC Executive Federation of India. Employees confederation in management has been boosting morale of employees. The process of concede revision of wage and benefits structure for employees in executive category and workmen category was completed on 16. 09. 2009 and 7. 07. 2010 independently TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENTInline with its long term objectives of being a learning organization company has policy of continuously investing in teaching and development of not only its own employee but also of its professionals of the power sectors. The imparts planning at its sites as well as at the corporate level in various areas including general management,power station operations and maintenance,project constructions,erection and commissioning and information technology. Training imparted is always in tune with new emerging needs in diverse areas like nuclear ,coal mining,hydro power,super critical technology,power trading etc.Growth of NTPC: NTPC has set new benchmarks for the power industry both in the area of power plants construction and operations. It is providing power at the cheapest jollyish tariffs in the country. With its experience and expertise in the power sector, NTPC is extending Consultancy services to various organizations in the power businesses. NTPC is act to the surroundings generating power at stripped environment cost and preserving the ecology in the vicinity of the plants. NTPC has undertaken great af qualityation in the vicinity of its plants. Plantations have increased forest area and reduced barren land.The massive afforestation of NTPC in and around its Ramakundam power station (2100 MW) has contributed in cut the surrounding area temperature by about 3 degree c. NTPC has also undertaken proactive steps for ash consumption. In 1991, it set up ash utilization Division to manage efficient use of the ash produced at its coal stations. This quality of ash produced is perfect for use in cement, cover, cellular, building material. â€Å"centre for power efficiency and environment protection (CENPEEP)” has been conventional in NTPC with the assistance of United states Agency for International Development. (USAID).Company is efficiency lie, eco-friendly and eco-nurturing initiativ e a symbol of NTPCs concern towards environment protection and continued loading to sustainable power development in India. As a prudent corporate citizen, NTPC is making constant efforts to improve the socio-economic stipulation of the people affected by its projects. Through its Rehabilitation and Resettlement program the company endeavors to improve the boilersuit socio-economic status of project affected population. NTPC was among the stolon creation sector enterprises to enter into a Memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Government in 1987-88.NTPC has been placed under the ‘ clarified category (the best category) every year since the MOU system became operative. Recognizing the comminuted performance and vast dominance, Government of the India has determine NTPC as one of the jewels of Public sector Maharatnas- a emf global giant. Inspired by its glorious ago and vibrant, NTPC is well on its way to realize its vision of being â€Å"one of the worlds large st and best power utilities, powering Indias growth”. NTPC registered yet another impressive performance and has gain a provisional profit of 8826. 6 crore in financial year 2010-11 as compared to 8728. 2 crore hold out year. The highest ever capacity addition of 2490 MW (including 500 MW in JV) and the ope judicious worthiness is achieved during the financial year. There are sixteen coal based stations of NTPC which has achieved a plant load factor of more then 88. 29%. Overview- Installed capacity Growth in depicted object: †Installed capacity reaches 34,194 MW ( including 3364 MW under Jvs) †Highest ever capacity addition of 2490 MW (including 500 MW IN JV) †14,748 MW is under construction at 15 locations. discovers| No. f projects| Commissioned capacity (MW)| Coal | 15| 24395| Gas/ liquid fuel| 7| 3955| meat| 22| 28350| Owned by JVCs Coal and gas | 4| 2294| Grand follow| 26| 30644| Regional Spread of generating Facilities: Region | Coal| Gas| meat| n orthern| 7035| 2312| 9347| Western| 6360| 1293| 7653| Southern| 3600| 350| 3950| Eastern| 7400| -| 7400| JVs| 814| 1480| 2294| Total| 25209| 5435| 30644| SL No. | Coal based (owned by NTPC)| State| Commissioned aptitude (MW)| 1| Singrauli| Uttar Pradesh| 2000| 2| Korba| Chhattisgarh| 2100| 3| Ramakundam| Andhra Pradesh| 2600| | Farakka| West Bengal| 1600| 5| Vindhyachal| Madhya Pradesh| 3260| 6| Rihand| Uttar Pradesh| 2000| 7| Kahalgaon| Bihar| 2340| 8| Dadri| Uttar Pradesh| 840| 9| Talcher Kaniha| Orissa| 3000| 10| Unchahar| Uttar Pradesh| 1050| 11| Talcher Thermal| Orissa| 460| 12| Simhadri| Andhra Pradesh| 1000| 13| Tanda| Uttar Pradesh| 440| 14| Badarpur| Delhi| 705| 15| Sipat- II| Chhattisgarh| 1000| Total| 24,395| Coal based Joint Ventures: SL No. | Coal Based (owned by JVs)| State| Commissioned efficacy| 1| Durgapur| West Bengal| 120| 2| Rourkela| Orissa| 120| | Bhilai| Chhattisgarh| 574| Total| 814| Hydro based part throw aways (Under Implementation): NTPC has increased thrust on hydro development for a equilibrise portfolio for long term sustainability. The first step in this direction was taken by initiating investment in Koldam Hydroelectric Power contrive located on Satluj river in Bilaspur district of Himachal pradesh. Two other hydro projects construction are Tapovan Vishnugad and Loharinag Pala. On all these projects construction activities are in serious swing. SL No. | Hydro Based| State| Approved Capacity (MW)| | Koldam (HEPP)| Himachal Pradesh| 800| 2| Loharinag Pala| Uttarakhand| 600| 3| Tapovan Vishnugad (HEPP)| Uttarakhand| 520| Total| 1920| Gas /Liquid Fuel Based Power Stations: NTPC Ltd. has a combined gas based commissioned capacity of 3955 MW. NTPC caters to the peeking demand of power. SL No. | Gas Based (owned by NTPC)| State| Commissioned Capacity (MW)| 1| Anta| Rajasthan| 413| 2| Auriya| Uttar Pradesh| 652| 3| Kawas| Gujarat| 645| 4| Dadri| Uttar Pradesh| 817| 5| Jhanor-Gandhar| Gujarat| 648| 6| Rajiv Gandhi CCPP Kayamkula m| Kerala| 350| | Faridabad| Haryana| 430| Total| 3955| Gas based joint ventures: SL No. | Coal Based (owned by JVs)| State| Commissioned Capacity| 1| RGPPL| Maharashtra| 1480| Total| 1480| The energy conservation parameters like specific oil consumption and auxiliary power consumption have also shown considerable improvement over the years. renewable & Distributed Generation: Renewable Energy: Renewable energy (RE) is being sensed as an alternative source of energy for â€Å"Energy Security” and subsequently â€Å"Energy Independence” by 2020.Renewable energy technologies provide not only electricity but offer an environmentally clean and low noise source of power. Objectives: NTPC plans to broad base generation mix by evaluating conventional and non-conventional sources of energy to ensure long run competitiveness and mitigate fuel risks Portfolio of Renewable Power: NTPC has also prescriptted its businesses plan of capacity addition of about 1,000 MW through renewable resources. SL No. | Renewable Energy Sources| Capacity| 1| Wind Energy Farms| 650 MW| 2| Small Hydro Project| 300 MW| | Solar Power Project| 704 MW| 4| Biomass Power Project| 15 MW| 5| geothermal Power Project| 30 MW| Total| 1010 MW| Long Term Growth Plans: NTPC has prepared a corporate plan scene a targer of becoming a 1,28,000 MW company by 2032 with 28% capacity from non-fossil sources. NTPC is working on a basket of new projects of more then 45,000 MW for implementation. Government of India has approved allocation of 50% power to the home states from fourteen power projects of NTPC, with total capacity of 35,680 MW. Sustaining Market Leadership: Highest ever generation of 220. 4 BU from NTPC units as against 218. 84 BU in 2009-2010. NTPCs share in countrys generation was 27. 4% in 2010-11, with 17. 75% of the national capacity. World class capacity utilization: Seven NTPC coal stations figure among the top 10 stations in the country in terms of PLF (Plant Load Factor) . It has achieved PLF of 88. 29% during 2010-11 (National PLF 75. 07%). Three coal stations achieved PLF of over 95%, seven other stations achieved more than 90% PLF. Robust Financials: 100% realization of the billing is there for the eighth sequential year. Provisional and unaudited net sales of Rs. 4,488 crore in Q4 2010-11 as against Rs. 12,305 crore (unaudited) in Q4 2009-1, registering an increase of 17. 74%. Provisional and unaudited glaring revenue of Rs. 15,106 crore in Q4 2010-11 as against Rs. 12,981 crore (unaudited) in Q4 2009-10, registering an increase of 16. 37%. Sustaining Market Leadership: Total electricity available in the country| 811. 104 BUs| electrical energy import from Bhutan| 5. 61 BUs| Total electricity generation in the country| 805. 494 BUs| Total generation from NTPC| 220. 54 BUs| NTPCs share in total electricity generation in the country| 27. 40%|Financial deed: Capital expenditure of Rs. 12,817. 61 crore during 2010-11, an increase of 22. 46% over the last years figure of rs. 10,467. 13 crore. NTPC assemblys Capital Expenditure was rs. 16,326. 58 crore as against Rs. 14,334. 54 crore over the last year, an increase of 14%. It has declared an interim dividend of Rs. 3 per equity share having face value of rs. 10 being 30% of paid-up capital translating into a dividend payout of Rs. 2,473. 64 crore. overbold loans aggregating to Rs. 3,479 crore tied up with domestic Banks and other Financials institutions during 2010-11 including Rs. 000 crore from HUDCO and Rs. 1000 crore from HDFC Bank. Cumulative loans of Rs. 52,787. 35 crore tied up so far. Five serial of bonds on Private Placements Basis issued to eligible institutions aggregating Rs. 720 crore. Out of the five series of Bonds issued during the year, four series of Bonds aggregating to Rs. 420 crore have been issued to Army Group Insurance Fund (AGIF) under the funding line extended by AGIF for Rs. 1,200 crore. Outstanding amounts of Bonds as on 31. 03. 2011 is Rs. 9. 5 70 crore as against total amount of Rs. 14,755. 35 crore raised so far.NTPC PAKRI-BARWADIHS ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE The NTPC Ltd, the sixty largest company of the world in thermal power generation has taken up Pakri-Barwadih Coal excavation Project as a basket mine for all its projects located in eastern and northern regions. The project is going to affect 19 villages including 16 from Barkagaon block and 3 from Keradari block in the district of Hazaribag, Jharkhand. In the wake of the setting up of the project, large realm of residential and agriculture lands will be acquired, besides the acquisition of government and forest land.The Pakri-Barwadih Coal mining block is the NTPCs first mining venture located at North Karanpura coalfields of Hazaribagh district in Jharkhand state. It is bound by longitudes 85? 10′ to 85? 15E and latitude 23 ? 5130” to 23 ? 5530”. In 2004-05, the ministry of coal, Government of India has allocated the 43. 27sq. km Pakri-Barwadih block to national thermal power hatful now NTPC Ltd. For captive mining for supply of coal to their super thermal power stations. The entire block of Pakri-PBarwadih blocks falls in the Hazaribagh district.The Hazaribagh -Khelar-Ranchi state highway passes through the eastern part of the block touching Barkagaon and Tandwa villages. The warm township is Hazaribag located at a infinite of 25km from Barkagaon in the southern part of the block. The nearest educate stations are Ranchi Road and chitarpur on the Gomoh-Barkahana-Dehri-on sone eyehole lines of SE Railway both around 70-75 km from the block. Ranchi, The state capital, is around 120-130 km from the block. The mine is planned for one-year production capacity of 15 million tones (MT) The geological reserves of the coal block are estimated at 1436MT.Project Highlights Salient Features of Pakri Barwadih Coal Mining Project Total project area : 3319. 42 hectare return : 15 Million tons per year Mineable militia : 519. 35 M . Te (? 300 m erudition Five coal seams, Avg. thickness : 2-3 m D to G grade coal Method of Work : Mechanized open-cast mining Life of mine : 39 yearsEnvironment clearance obtained : On 19. 05. 09 Forest clearance(stage-II) obtained : On 17. 09. 10 The Project: The Pakri-Barwadih Coal Mining Project is going to acquire about 8787 acres of land of which about 62% is private land including residential and unpolished land and the rest is government land. NTPC and Coal Mining: To broad -base its businesses and also to ensure growth, diversification in the areas related to NTPCs core businesses of power generation such as hydro power, distribution, trading, Coal Mining , LNG, etc. ave been identified as priority areas. The power majors foray into cal mining is aimed at ensuring timely availability of fuel for its stations and at controlling fuel costs. â€Å"NTPC has eight blocks in all. It has been allotted two coal blocks-Brahmini and Chicharao Patsimal both in Jharkhand where coa l would be extracted through a 50:50 joint ventures with CIL. The centre has also allotted five more blocks to NTPC. These are Kerandari and chatti Bariatu in North Karanpura, Chhatrasal in Singrauli, Dulanga in the ib valley and Talaipalli in Chhattisgarh. â€Å"All the eight block, including the Pakri-Barwadih block that was allotted earlier, have a total mineable reserves of about 5. 7 billion Tonnes of coal. ” Production is expected by 2008 in Pakri Barwadih block. NTPC is all set to emerge as a coal mining major with production capacities of at least 60 MT in the next eight years. Mine developer and Operator for Pakri-Barwadih Coal Mining hold on (311. 7 Million MT over 27 years). NTPCs objectives for foraying into Coal mining: 1) To have fuel security. 2) To well(p) assured Quality and Quantity of coal supply. 3) To attain price competitiveness on the delivered coal. hear Thrust field of view: To develop and operate the mine in and efficient manner, using latest tec hnology. So as to produce coal of required quantity and of desired quality parameters , in a cost effective and environment friendly manner, with due regard to safety and respect of all legal aspects. Impoverishment Risk estimate: In mining-induced displacement and resettlement projects, eight categories of risks are identified that the PAPs are likely to suffer from. They are: a) Landlessness b) Joblessness c) Homelessness d) Marginalization e) Increased Morbidity f) Loss of entrance fee to common property resources g) Food insecurity ) connection disarticulation HR- Employee Benefits (EB)-(Establishment): This section of the HR segment looks after the employees and their benefits right from joining the company till the retirement. It deals with the following: Employee Development Centre-Training Section: The training section shall cover all regular employees of the company nominated for training. It shall be endeavor of the company to provide seven man days of training in a training year to every employee. Employees shall make full use of the training systems to support this endeavor to create a learning organization. It has following objectives:Public Relation Section: level-headed Section: Industrial Engineering Department: Employee services (General Administration): NTPC LIST OF AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN PERFORMANCE: NTPC Limited has been graded top awarded for MoU appoint for Excellence in effect, instituted by DPE, consecutively for two years, 2004-05 and 2005-06 with ‘Excellent rating. Dr. Manmohan Singh, Honble Prime look of India presented the MoU awards to Shri T. Sankaralingam, CMD, NTPC Ltd. * NTPC-AN EMPLOYER OF CHOICE: NTPC has been ranked fifth among the top ten â€Å"Best companies to work for in India” by Mercer HR Consulting-Business Today Survey 2005. CONSULTANCY: NTPC provides consultancy in all its aspects of power plant construction and management right from concept of commissioning and beyond. Combining the techn ical, managerial and financial skills, it provides the holistic solutions to power businesses all over the world, * NTPC DISTRIBUTED GENERATION: NTPC Limited has initiated the concept of electrification of remote villages by setting up Distributed Generation projects and demonstrating a sustainable business influence leading to integrated growth of villages for achieving the goal of â€Å"electrical energy for all”. ENVIRONMENT-GREEN POWER: NTPC delivers power at minimal environment cost, and achieves it. Right from the stage of its project conceptualization, technology selection to operations, care is taken to preserve the intrinsic ecology and minimize environmental impact. * CENPEEP: (The Center for Power Efficiency ; Environmental Protection) , resource center for state of art technologies for performance optimization, continues to strive for performance optimization of power plants.NTPC Limited has been presented Scope Meritorious deed over for Best Practices in Human Resource care †Shri presented 2004-05 for Innovative Human Resource centering Practices well integrated with the business requirements of the Company. Sontosh Mohan Dev, Hon’ble Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises to Shri T. Sankaralingam, CMD, NTPC Limited in New Delhi, on eighth November 2006. Shri Chandan Roy, Director (Operations), NTPC Limited has been conferred with Eminent Engineer Award by the Institution of Engineers (India), for his distinguished services inEngineering sphere of influence during the year 2006 in the area of NCT of Delhi. On the use of Power Line magazine’s ordinal Anniversary celebrations, on 11th October, 2006 in New Delhi, Mr. Sushi Kumar Shinde, and Union Minister of Power presented â€Å"Expert select Awards” to honor the leading achievers in the power sector. NTPC was accept as the â€Å"Best Organization in Central Sector”. NTPC WINS GOLDEN PEACOCK AWARD FOR collective SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY NT PC has been bestowed with Golden Peacock Award for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 2012 constituted by Institute of Directors (IOD), New Delhi. Shri Arup Roy Choudhury, CMD, NTPC figures at # 56 in the listing of India Incs 100 Most Powerful CEOs, 2012 by the Economics Times, Indias leading business newspaper. He is at # 2 among the CEOs of the State Owned Enterprises (SOEs)… * NTPC Limited has been ranked 7th overall in ‘India’s Best Companies to Work for 2010’, a study by The bulky Places to Work Institute India and The Economic Times. The Company is also ranked beginning(a) among large organizations’ with over 10,000 employees, 1st in the Public Sector Enterprises segment and 1st in the Manufacturing and Production Industry segment.Shri R K Rustagi, Executive Director (HR ; PMI), Shri N N Misra, Executive Director (HR ; ER), Shri A K Bhatnagar, GM (HR ; Corporate Communications) NTPC received the awards from Mr Prasenjit Bhattacharya of Gr eat Places to Work Institute, India. * Study conducted by Great Place to Work Institute, India in coaction with The Economic Times. NTPC, New Delhi has been ranked 7th in the pull in 10 Great Places to Work (GPTW) and has the line of being only PSU in the Top 10 Best Companies to Work For.NTPC also has the distinction of being a part of the Best Workplaces List continuously for the last six studies. This years Top 50 list has emerged from 427 organizations belonging to 17 different industries with employee strength in the range of 100 to 33,000. HR VISION â€Å"To enable our people to be a family of committed world class professionals, making NTPC a learning organization”. Research Topic †PACE †THE PERFORMANCE counsel SYSTEM @ NTPC PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: AN INTRODUCTIONThe role of HR in the present scenario has undergone a sea change and its focus is on evolving such available strategies which enable successful implementation of the major corporate stra tegies. In a way, HR and corporate strategies function in alignment. Today, HR works towards facilitating and improving the performance of the employees by building a conducive work environment and providing maximum opportunities to the employees for participating in organizational planning and decision making process. Today, all the major activities of HR are driven towards development of high performance leaders and fostering employee motivation.So, it can be interpreted that the role of HR has modernised from merely an valuator to a facilitator and an enabler. public presentation management is the current bank and is the need in the current times of cut throat competition and the organizational battle for leadership. carrying into action management is a much broader and a manifold function of HR, as it encompasses activities such as joint goal setting, continuous set ahead retrospect and obsess communicating, feedback and coaching for improved performance, implementation of employee development programmes and rewarding achievements.The process of performance management starts with the joining of a new incumbent in a system and ends when an employee quits the organization. murder management can be regarded as a systematic process by which the overall performance of an organization can be improved by improving the performance of individuals within a team framework. It is a means for promoting choice performance by communicating expectations, defining roles within a required competence framework and establishing accomplishable benchmarks. Objectives: To accomplish organizational goals through a system of performance assessment linked to company’s objectives. * To facilitate fulfillment of individual aspirations and promotion of professional excellence. * To encourage a two †way communication process between the respect and the reporting incumbent for binging objectiveness in performance appraisal system. * To label the potential of the executive to assume higher responsibilities along the hierarchy. * To implicate the follow through various stages of performance management, thereby reducing the performance gaps. To map competencies and potential of executives for enabling the organization to source the talent for the most part from within the company for meeting organizational growth. * To involve the executive to share the responsibility and become responsible for efficient management of the business for result oriented performance through mutual involvement. * To provide a transparent system to help each executive to evaluate his own performance and develop himself with the help of reporting officer. * To provide for removal of differences, if any, in performance appraisal through preventive of the reviewing officer.To conclude, performance management can be regarded as a proactive system of managing employee performance for driving the individuals and the organizations towards desired performance and results. It’s about striking a true alignment between individual and organizational objectives for exertion of excellence in performance ESTABLISHING PERFORMANCE STANDARDS operate OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL COMMUNICATING STANDARDS AND EXPECTATIONS MEASURING THE true(a) PERFORMANCE COMPARING WITH STANDARDS DISCUSSING RESULTS (PROVIDING FEEDBACK)DECISION MAKING †TAKING strict ACTIONS Focus of instruction execution Management: * The focus of the performance management system for senior executives is to appraise them on different components of managerial responsibilities, consisting of performance, generic managerial competencies, values and potential, totaling to 100 marks. * The performance component as identified and measures evolved would have 50% wieghtage in total appraisal. * The company’s concern for authenticisation of organizational core values is reflected in the performance management . generic wine Managerial competencies exhibited by an Appraise w hile discharging duties have been given . * The Company’s concern for actualization of organizational Core Values is reflected in the execution of instrument Management . * The consummation Management System brings to focus important managerial attributes and strikes a balance between ‘ act’ and other aspects of managerial talents/skills. Executives will have a set of Key Performance Areas to be identified through discussion and achieve them during the performance period. The system is to develop the competencies by involving the executive in setting targets and identifying Key Performance Areas. * To utilize the Performance Management System for facilitating individual career development and bring organization †wide HR intervention at senior levels to bridge competency gaps. cyclicity: * The Performance Appraisal Period would run synchronic with the financial year i. e. from 1st April to 31st March. * The System provides for setting up of Key Performanc e Areas (KPAs) and reviewing the same in two fractional-yearly periods. The first half year is from 1st April to 30th September and the guerrilla half- year is from 1st Oct. to 31st March. * While reviewing the KPAs of the first half-year, the targets for Key Performance Areas for the second half year are evolved. * While reviewing the KPAs of the first half year, the targets for Key Performance Areas for the second half year are evolved. * At the end of the Performance Appraisal year, the review for the second half of the year is undertaken. The review would also involve annual appraisal of KPAs, Competencies, Values and potential difference Appraisal.COMPONENTS OF PERFORMANCE REVIEW: * The Performance Management System, consisting of the following components is implemented through ‘Performance Appraisal produce’. * mapping I †PERFORMANCE * Part IA: first half year performance * Part IB: second year performance Review of KPA’s for second half year * Pa rt IC: annual performance * Part ID: comments on performance * destiny II †competencies * give III †values * PART IV †potential appraisal * PART V †performance and potential profile PART I-PERFORMANCE: Part IA: FIRST HALF class PERFROMANCE The System provides for the Reporting Officer (Appraiser) and the executive (Appraise) to identify through discussion and agree upon a set of Key Performance Areas (KPAs) in brief at the beginning of the first half-year. * While identifying KPAs, actual ‘Measures’ for each KPA is to be defined and written. The Measure could have Quantitative Targets, Time Schedule for achieving KPAs fully/partially, qualitative Improvements etc. , based on the nature of the KPA occurrence * The KPA Targets may be having different weightings and limited to 8 Key Performance Areas only.The idea is to enable the executive to focus on given deliverables and not miss important critical areas. The KPAs should be more focused, concrete and measureable. They should be more than the â€Å"Norm” i. e. normal criterion of performance expected. The KPAs reflect ‘Stretch Standard’ which is in excess of â€Å"Norm”. The KPAs should be ‘SMART’ i. e. Specific, Measurable, hold (mutually arrived at by the Appraiser and the Appraise), Realistic and Time-Bound. * rectitude of the KPAs should be â€Å"Staff Development”, as building a performing team is an inhering target for senior executives.The measures for this could be man days of training & development activities for the Unit/ Department/function vis-a-vis the Company’s training targets, HR initiatives like Professional Circles, Quality Circles, and Suggestion device etc. * The Appraiser and Appraise jointly evolve KPAs, define measures and allocate marks for each KPA at the beginning of first half-year by 15th April. * The Performance under Part IA is jointly reviewed and performance evaluated at the begin ning of second half year and not later than 15th October. At the time of joint review, actual achievement is shortly recorded against each KPA and marks obtained w. r. t. each KPA is indicated in relevant column. * The inwardness of marks obtained for different KPAs is worked out and indicated as aggregate of IA. Both the Appraise and the Reporting Officer sign the Part IA. PART IB †SECOND HALF YEAR PERFORMANCE * The System helps to review the Key Performance Area Targets for the Second Half-Year based on the evaluation of 1st half-year KPAs depending on actual achievements. The reworked KPA targets are briefly recorded, ‘Measures’ for each KPA defined and Marks allocated. KPAs which extend beyond the 1st half year may be re-recorded in the targets of the second half-year. * The KPAs may undergo change owing to target accomplished, new targets coming up, change of role etc. * The Performance Evaluation of 2nd half-year Performance is jointly undertaken on comple tion of 2nd half year/Annual Performance year and not later than 15th April. * During the Performance Evaluation, the actual achievement is assessed against each KPA and marks obtained against each KPA are indicated. The marks obtained are aggregated at the merchantman out of 50 marks as aggregate. PART IC: ANNUAL PERFORMANCE * This part consolidates the 1st half-year and 2nd half-year Performance of the Appraise by aggregating Performance Marks obtained in Part IA and Part IB. * The Annual Performance Marks out of 50 marks be computed based on the formula mentioned in Part 1C and marks obtained be indicated in the Box. * The marks so obtained out of 50 would be the marks secured for â€Å"Annual Performance” in the achievement of KPAs. The Appraise and the Reporting Officer would jointly acknowledge the Annual Performance by signatures. Normalization cognitive operation: Objectives of Normalization Process: †Ensure parity and integrity by minimizing rater variation v arious departments. †Enhance objectivity and transparency in the appraisal system. PMS hit from Reporting Reviewer to check integrity Top 30% Middle 65% Performance Management †Assess the overall achievement of the businesses unit MoUs and functional goals; normalization would be done in view of the overall achievement of these goals. Plot distribution of scores for the cluster to check for skewing within and across departments. †Checks to be made whether employees have been overrated or underrated on various PMS parameters such as: (a) KPA assessment (b) Competencies, value and Potential assessment †Make suitable adjustments to scores, where necessary. †win (revised and unchanged) and reasons for normalization to be documented in the PMS form. †All executives in the cluster must be categorized into Top 30%, Middle 65%and Bottom 5%. COMPANY VALUES AND RATINGS: The Corporate Values ‘COMIT’ and the indicative observable behavior in respect of each value is as under: A. Customer focus: The Executive has conviction that the customer (Internal & External) is the center of all activity; he is courteous, sincere, patient and sensitive to the customers and honours commitments on time. B. organizational pride: The Executive holds the company in high esteem and rejoices in belonging to it; he demonstrates the true and commitment to the organisation and has a sense of self-possession and belongingness with it. C. Mutual respect and trust:The Executive has high regard for and faith in the fellow organisational members; he believes in collaboration and openness and has good team spirit. D. Initiative and Speed: The Executive believes in taking the first step, thinking new and ahead and being swift without compromising on quality; he is creative and innovative and has the willingness to experiment and take risks. E. Total Quality: The Executive believes in pursuing excellence in all spheres of activity; he makes continuou s efforts in improving standards of performance, systems and processes.LITERATURE REVIEW: Performance Management System: * Performance management is one of the most important requirement for successful business and human resource policy (Kessler, 2003). During the performance management whirling , many PMSs were developed such as the balanced scorecard (Kaplan, Norton, 1992), Performance pyramid (Lynch, cross, 1991) and the performance prism (Neely Adams , 2000) The objective of such systems is to help organizations define a set of measures that reflect their objectives and assess their performance accordingly.These system is commonly multidimensional. * Rewarding and promoting effective performance in organizations, as well as identifying ineffective performers for developmental programs or other personnel actions, are essential to effective to human resource management (Pulakas, 2003). The ability to conduct Performance appraisals relies on the ability to assess an employeesâ⠂¬â„¢s performance in a fair and accurate manner. Evaluating employee performance is a difficult task. Performance evaluations have been conducted since the time of Aristotle (Landy, Zedeck, cleveland, 1983). The earliest formal employee Performance evaluation program is thought to have originated in the united states of military establishment shortly after the birth of the republic ( Lopex, 1968). The measurement of an employees performance allows for rational administrative decisions at the individual employee level. It also provides raw data for the evaluation of the effectiveness of such personnel-system components and processes as recruiting policies, training programs , selection rules, promotional strategies and reward allocations (Landy, Zecleck, cleveland, 1983).In addition it provides the foundation for behaviorally based employee counseling. In the counseling setting , performance information provides the vehicles for increasing satisfaction , commitment * and motivation of the employees. Performance management and feedback can play a valuable role in effecting the gallant compromise between the needs of the indivisual and the needs of the organization ( Landy, Zecleck, cleveland, 1983). * Kennerley, M. Neely, A, 2002. A framework of the factors affecting the evolution of performance measurement systems.International journal of operations and production management 22(11). 1222-1245. Laitinen E. K, 2002. A dynamic performance measurement system: evidence from small finnish technology firms. Scandinavian journal of management 18, 65-99. Pritchard R. D, Holling H, Lammers, F. Clark, B. D 2002. Improving organization performance with the productivity measurement and enhancement system : an international collaboration Nova Science, New York. Lebas, M. J, 1995, Performance management system. Jornal of production economics 41, 23-35. Neely, A. D.Adams . C, Crowe, P, 2001. The performance system mutation : why not and what next? Journal 19(2), 205-228. Ro use, P, Putterill , M, 2003. An integral framework for performance appraisal Management closing 41(8), 791-805. * Performance appraisal is the process of obtaining, analyzing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal is measuring and improving the actual performance of the employee and also the future potential of the employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does. It is a powerful tool to calibrate, refine and reward the performance of the employee. It helps to analyze his achievements and evaluate his contribution towards the achievements of the overall organizational goals. By focusing the attention on performance, performance appraisal goes to the heart of personnel management and reflects the management’s interest in the progress of the employees. * Performance in a job is a matter, which needs to be considered both in terms of results achieved and behavior demonstrated.Results required in relation t o quantity, quality or timing can be established in most aspects if a large number of jobs. Comparing results reached to results required is essential in evaluating the performance. Reviewing results in the context of actions and behavior is necessary to develop a full understanding of individual performance. In find what actions have led to success or the lack of it, this aspect of examining performance will represent a significant element in forming plans for the future, so that strengths can be built upon and weakness addressed. There are, of course, original jobs or features of certain jobs, where it is not always possible to state a required result or standard that clearly. In these instances considering behavior assumes a greater significance when appraising the performance. * The most important part of such job however, would concern the health and * In this case, examples of such action might be ensuring that vary help is summoned when necessary, listening to residents wh o want to talk about their problems, or perhaps arranging appropriate diversions and entertainment. Performance appraisal appraises performance of an run unit, like department or section, or of an individual. The Government of India may appraise the performance of the BARC as an organization. The Director of BARC may appraise the performance or any department of division. These Performance appraisals start from facts/data, lead to opinions on adequacy/ correctness and should lead further to some decisions being made on whether any changes are necessary in the manner or direction of work of the appraised unit, individual.At the operating unit level the decision may relate to the allocations of resources. * * The decisions may also relate to the continuance. In the case of the individual, the appraisal may be of :- * (a) His outputs (how well has the work been done). * (b) Inputs (what are his skills, behavior patterns, motivation etc. ) * A face-to-face discussion in which one emplo yees work is discussed, reviewed, and appraised by another, using an agreed and understood framework.Usually, line managers conduct the appraisals of their staff, although peers can appraise each other, and line managers can themselves be appraised by their staff through 360 degree appraisal. Performance management is a integral work system that begins when a job is defined as needed. It ends when an employee leaves your organization. Many writers and consultants are using the term â€Å"performance management” as a reversal for the traditional appraisal system. I encourage you to think of the term in this broader work system context. Performance appraisal is a method of acquiring and impact the information needed to improve an individual employee’s performance and accomplishments. -(Douglass) * It is the process of evaluating the performance of employees, sharing that information with them and searching for ways to improve their performance. -(Newstrom ) * A dramat ic personality in the field of Human resources, â€Å"performance appraisal is the systematic, periodic and an impartial rating of an employee’s excellence in the matters pertaining to his present job and his potential for a better job. Performance appraisal is a systematic way of reviewing and assessing the performance of an employee during a given period of time and planning -(Flippo) * According to Lawler (2000) when using the merit pay method, individual performance is appraised, usually by a supervisor, and as a resul\r\n'

'Promotion Strategies\r'

'For many years I have been considering the root word of acquirement a foreign lecture: for example, Italian or Spanish. I was always interested in foreign languages and linguistics, especially in European languages of Latin origin. Besides, almost of my far relatives have Italian grow and cannister speak Italian very good.I could instruct this language occasionally since my childhood and was truly interest with its melodiousness and beauty. nevertheless, unfortunately, I did non have a good deal of free time for learning a second language when I was perusing in high school, because I had to lodge in business organization about my teeny br separate.This summer when I was staying with my family in my home town, I saw an describeive glazed advertisement in a local sassyspaper. This ad was informing people about o saveing new language learning facilities and inviting people to join the lessons. Unfortunately, the composition was a little old and I was new-fashi 1d to e nter the course. Nevertheless, to my mind, advertising in a newsprint was a good promotional idea, because it was necessary to attract attention of general public and inform prey audience about opening the course.Three-four weeks later I bought a fresh newspaper and found there an article about that language school. The article was not only informing about opening some bargon courses, but also presenting opinions of the students and interviews with some teachers. Publi city, as an element of promotional mix, was also quite undefeated technique, because a great deal of capableness customers of such courses are young businessmen or officials, who devise to join international enterprises and are regular readers of newspapers.In addition, the pen of the article gave detailed explanations as to the company’s discount policy. In event, students and youth were offered up to 20% discount. Besides, those who could bring â€Å"a friend” as one more student of the cours e could receive extra 10% discount. Certainly, in such situation discounts are also among the most effective elements of sales promotion, because language courses can be interest for students and even for teenagers, who can be financially embarrassed.Couple of days later I visited my favorite bookstore in the center of the city and saw there a promotion agent, who was distributing flyers and leaflets to potential students of the course. He also had a variety of other promotional materials: for example, he was giving a pen and a colorful notebook to the people, who were entering their call to his list and intended to join the course.Probably, this was a little less effective strategy, because there were not many people in the bookstore who could be in reality interested in language courses. But it was a good opportunity to talk to a vocalisation of the school about the details of their programs.In addition, the company exhausted a lot of resources for advertising their services i n meshing. An up-to-date site was created, which had all necessary tuition about the lessons and was quite easy to navigate.  Besides, I could interpret their banners and small ads on other local mesh sites, attracting attention of numerous Internet users. I count that this strategy could also bring good results, because immediately everyone uses Internet and it is easy to reach potential customers by the web.Finally, there was one more very interesting promotional technique, which was directed not only on attracting new customers, but also on contest and stimulating the students to achieve great success in learning languages. As I could learn from Internet site of the language school, they were going to award the outgo students of the courses with different prizes, including a trip to the West beach of the Great Canyon. I suppose, this is one of the best promotional ideas, which can bring to very good outcomes.Unfortunately, I could not join the class of Italian becaus e it would take me minimum three months to complete the first level. But I had to be back to university to continue my study. Nevertheless, it was an amaze opportunity for me to observe how different promotional strategies act and can be effective in this particular marketing environment. I have to admit that marketing specialists of the language school were very well qualified, and they managed to calculate a very successful promotion campaign.Bibliography:PACE, social unit 15. (2001) Promotional Basics [Brochure]. The Center on knowledge and Training for Employment, The Ohio State University. OH: Columbus.\r\n'

'Socialization is done when children follow the footsteps Essay\r'

' assimilation cornerstone be referred to as the dish by where adults and boorren condition from each opposite. It is frequently said that kindlyisation begins at home and this is dependable because it is the responsibility of the family to teach children from a very earliest epoch the norms and values of society. It is the process by which they consume right from wrong. Socialization is done when children follow the footsteps of their p argonnts, teachers or older siblings. Socialization never really loot because all with life, hatful learn refreshful neighborly occasions and they atomic number 18 never crawl inledgeable decent to have a go at it everything.\r\nDuring this process of well-disposedization children ramp up a thought of self and become their own soul. They become singular and have a distinct mortalality. Individuals bring forth their authorization and learn kitchen-gardening through this process of affectionateization. gentleman be u nlike any former(a) species and they deprivation to learn things and how to survive. It is im behaviorant for humans to learn their culture for it is a part of who they atomic number 18. We learn by internalizing which is the process when community meditate norms values beliefs and language as their own and accept them as their own. Importance of friendlyization\r\nSocialization is important for many reasons:\r\nIt helps a mortal become who they really ar. It provides the basics for a person to learn ab protrude their culture and their dash of behavior. Socialization helps concourse discover their talents and they find out that they atomic number 18 really good at something and they enjoy that. finished socialization children ass develop as a person and acquire normal social g hitchs.\r\nChildren regard to feel cared for and cognised so when call forths take season out for their children and teach them values and norms this helps them to develop properly. gyp gu idances on how to presuppose scold and actions that are important for social living Is a direction by which the society can pass culture along to the next generation We achieve harmony and are able to it into society\r\nWe develop skills and learn non to always act on instinct\r\nIt avoids isolation and improper development of children\r\nIt allows us to develop our potential to develop or maximize skills We develop proper learning\r\nAgents of socialization\r\nThe family is a major agent of socialization. It gives individuals their first experience, earliest and deepest experience to relationships and their depiction to the way of life. The family withal teaches their own intimately the social and physical environment and teaches them to follow it. Children learn from the graphic symbol of environment that elders create. The family similarly gives children a social station when it comes to religion race or culture.\r\nThis makes up the child’s self-concept. The f amily are the ones responsible to teach children manners, p nip and tuck and obedience. They cannot allow their children to go to direct without teach them how to talk to older race with respect or how to imitate when told to do something. The school also plays a type in the socialization of children. The school is a port way for children to learn about their ancestors and to teach them of the way bulk behaved in the older prison terms compared to the way they behave now. They learn how society is connected to race and gender.\r\nThe school is their first experience to bureaucracy. This means that the school prepares them for the future because it runs on a time invent and is governed by rules. This is helpful because it prepares them for when they get a job. It is also proven that schools mold children into gender intents. School also open opportunities or children to join peer groups in which they meet batch with similar interests or talents.\r\nThe volume media is al so an agent of socialization. The mass media provides a con typefacerable amount of information to a huge listening at the same(p) time. It is proven to have a great impact on the behavior and lay outment of children. The media is also a port way for people to learn about different cultures and to meet people of different race and ethnicity. The media can inspire people to achieve access and to follow their dreams. Children will construe successful people on the television and take to be like them. This is a good thing because children will have ambition.\r\nTheories on socialization\r\nGeorge Herbert Mead: He developed a theory on social behaviorism. It explained how a person’s personality can be affected by social experience. He saw the power that environment had when it came to shaping behavior. He studied inward thinking. His main concept was self. He described this as the part of a person’s personality composed of self- awareness and self- image. He consider ed that self only develops when people interact with opposites. He said that humans care what others think of them and that is what they think of themselves as well.\r\nLawrence Kohlberg: He studied how people know mingled with right and wrong. At an early age for children, they think that whatever feel good to them is right. another(prenominal) aspect of his is that teenagers in the adolescent stage dope off their selfishness and learn to act according to what parents tell them and by the rules of their school. He also said that individuals learn not to argue with what is legal or right.\r\nJean Piaget: he studied human cognition. This refers to how people think. He wondered how children do sense of the world. He described the way children make their way through life based on what they thought of it. Piaget believed that biological maturation and increasing social experience was reflected by human behavior. He stated four stages of cognitive development which included sensori motor, preoperational, cover operational and formal operational.\r\nSigmund Freud: He studied cordial dis rate and personality. He believed that biology played a major role in the way people develop. He said that the human personality had trey parts which include: The id which represents the innate human drives, this would be the human life and death instincts, the ego which refers to the internalized heathenish values and norms and the ego which he considered resolved the arguing between the restraints of the superego and the demands of the id. .\r\nFamily\r\nBasic Concepts\r\nFamily is a group of people who are shutdownly related to each other by blood, adaption or trade union. The family is considered the basic unit of society. A family is considered to be the people who will always be there for you, no matter the situation you are involved in. Whenever in need of something the first place you run to is home. You are confident that there you can be safe and that there will be the people you can depend on. The family is the group of people who play a significant role in an individual’s life. Bonds within a family are considered chemical attraction.\r\nWithin every society there are families, however the views of people and whom they consider to be their family may vary depending on historical changes and culture. Family of orientation refers to when individuals are born into a family that includes parents and siblings living together. This plays an important role in socialization. A family of procreation is when adults decide to father their own family either naturally or through adaption. Marriage is an important aspect when considering starting a family. Marriage is a legal union between twain people who commit to each other and this involves economic cooperation, informal bodily function and childbearing. Children born out of marriage are considered to be illegitimate. Global Variations\r\nTypes of families:\r\n prolonged family: Is a family that includes more than three generations living in the same household. Everyone is connected by blood. Nuclear family: A family that includes a mother, father and their children living under the same roof. Sibling household: This is a family that an older fellow or sister is the one in charge of the rest of children. They are required to be the parents and take care of the younger ones. Reconstituted family: This is a family type form by the combination of two single- parent families. Single- parent family: Is a family type that involves one parent victorious care of the household. Marriage patterns\r\nThis refers to the way in which individuals are required to marry: Endogamy: This refers to marriage between people of the same social category. This limits marriage prospects to other people of the same gender, social mannikin or race. Exogamy: This is when people of different social class get marital. This type of marriage promotes cultural public exposure and builds a lliances. Monogamy: This is marriage between two people.\r\nPolygamy: This is a type of marriage that unites two or more people. Polygyny: This refers to marriage of one man to two or more women. Polyandry: This refers to marriage of one woman to two or more men. Residential Patterns\r\nThis talks about where a checkmate resides after universe married: Patrilocality: This pattern refers to when the married couple lives with or close to the husband’s parents or family. Matrilocality: This is when the married couple lives close by or with the wife’s family. Neolocality: This refers to when the married couple live in a new place away from any side of their families. Patterns of Decent\r\nThis refers to a system families used to quality their kinship over generations. Patrilineal descent: This is when individuals spot their kinship through men. This is when sons are the ones who inherit or get post passed on to them by their fathers. direct descent: This is a system used to spectre kinship through women. This is when mothers pass on property or inheritance to their daughters. Bilateral Descent: in order to promote gender equality, this system traces kinship through both men and women. Theoretical outline of the Family\r\nFunctions of the family\r\nStructural and functional analysis:\r\nSocialization: The teaching of right from wrong to children. Regulation of sexual drill: Every culture tries to regulate sexual activity in order to maintain property rights and kinship organization. Social Placement: Families try to maintain social organization in order to confer their social identity. Material, emotional and monetary security: Families provide financial assistance, physical protection and emotional support. Inequality and the family: Social- counterpoint analysis\r\nProperty and Inheritance: Identifying heirs in order to transmit property. Patriarchy: This is how men own women as their sexual and economic property. Racial and ethnic discr epancy: Families promote people marry others like themselves. Stages of Family life\r\nThis is the way how a family evolves.\r\nCourtship: Is when partners get to know each other and see if they are compatible. cave in in: This involves romantic love where partners fall in love with each other and usually plan to marry or not. Child rearing: This is the elevator of children on the right path showing them love and kindness. The family in later life: This is when people preserve married but for the final years of their marriage they return to living with only one spouse. Transitions and problems in family\r\nThey are many things that break up the family:\r\n disarticulate is the dissolution of a marriage.\r\nCauses:\r\nIndividualism is on the rise: This is when family members stop spending as much time with each other. Romantic love often subsides: When sexual passion fades this is when relationships fade. Women are now less hooked on men: Women leave unhappy marriages because wi ves are now not financially dependent on husbands. Many of today’s marriages are nerve-wracking: Most families face the problem of not having enough time or energy for family. Divorce is socially acceptable: Divorce is no longer being discouraged. Legally, a divorce is easier to get: Now divorces are easy to get as long as the couple says the marriage has fail.\r\nReferences\r\nMacionis John J., Sociology- (13th Edition). Upper blame River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009\r\n'